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<channel>
	<title>전하흐름 &#8211; MyEngNote</title>
	<atom:link href="https://myengnote.com/tag/%ec%a0%84%ed%95%98%ed%9d%90%eb%a6%84/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>https://myengnote.com</link>
	<description></description>
	<lastBuildDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 23:12:46 +0000</lastBuildDate>
	<language>ko-KR</language>
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	hourly	</sy:updatePeriod>
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	<item>
		<title>옴의 법칙 계산기 &#038; 시뮬레이터</title>
		<link>https://myengnote.com/ohms-law-calculator-simulator/</link>
					<comments>https://myengnote.com/ohms-law-calculator-simulator/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[동동]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 23:36:08 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[공학계산기]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[옴의법칙]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[저항계산]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[전기공학]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[전하흐름]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[회로설계]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://myengnote.com/ohms-law-calculator-simulator/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[전압, 저항, 전류의 상관관계를 실시간으로 계산하고 회로 내 전자(Electron)들의 흐름과 에너지 소모를 시각적으로 관찰할 수 있는 물리 회로 시뮬레이터입니다.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h2 style="font-size: 1.6em; font-weight: 800; color: #0c0e25; border-bottom: 2px solid #00f2fe; padding-bottom: 8px; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/72x72/1f680.png" alt="🚀" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> 옴의 법칙 계산기 &#038; 시뮬레이터</h2>


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/* Scoped & Isolated Styles for ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper */
        /* Modern Reset and Design Tokens */
        .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper *, .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper *::before, .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper *::after {
            box-sizing: border-box;
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
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        .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper {
            --color-bg-dark: #f8f9fd;
            --color-bg-deep: #ffffff;
            --color-panel-bg: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
            --color-border: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
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            --color-text-main: #1e293b;
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            --color-purple: #7c3aed;
            --color-purple-glow: rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.12);
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            font-size: 32px;
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        .logo-area h1 {
            font-family: var(--font-heading);
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            font-size: 24px;
            letter-spacing: 1.5px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-text-main), var(--color-text-muted));
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            flex-direction: column;
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        .panel-header {
            display: flex;
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            gap: 12px;
            border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
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            color: var(--color-text-main);
            display: flex;
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            gap: 8px;
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        .helper-text {
            font-size: 10px;
            color: var(--color-text-muted);
            font-weight: 500;
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                .number-input-wrapper {
            display: flex;
            position: relative;
            border-radius: 8px;
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            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
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            transition: all 0.2s ease;
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            box-shadow: 0 0 10px var(--color-cyan-glow);
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            font-size: 11px;
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            padding: 0 14px;
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            border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            pointer-events: none;
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        .custom-slider {
            -webkit-appearance: none;
            width: 100%;
            height: 6px;
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            margin: 8px 0;
            transition: background 0.2s ease;
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            -webkit-appearance: none;
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            width: 18px;
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            border-radius: 50%;
            cursor: pointer;
            transition: transform 0.1s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
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        #slider-volts::-webkit-slider-thumb {
            background: var(--color-cyan);
            box-shadow: 0 0 10px var(--color-cyan);
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        #slider-volts::-webkit-slider-thumb:hover {
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        #slider-ohms::-webkit-slider-thumb {
            background: var(--color-magenta);
            box-shadow: 0 0 10px var(--color-magenta);
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        #slider-ohms::-webkit-slider-thumb:hover {
            transform: scale(1.2);
            box-shadow: 0 0 15px var(--color-magenta), 0 0 5px #fff;
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        .control-actions {
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            gap: 10px;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        .action-btn {
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            color: var(--color-text-main);
            padding: 10px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            font-size: 12px;
            font-weight: 600;
            cursor: pointer;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            gap: 8px;
            transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
        }
        .action-btn:hover {
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
            border-color: var(--color-border-hover);
        }
        .presets-section {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 12px;
            border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            padding-top: 18px;
        }
        .presets-section h3 {
            font-size: 13px;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: var(--color-text-main);
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 8px;
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        .presets-grid {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 8px;
        }
        .preset-btn {
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.015);
            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            border-radius: 10px;
            padding: 8px 12px;
            cursor: pointer;
            color: var(--color-text-main);
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 12px;
            text-align: left;
            transition: all 0.2s ease;
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        .preset-btn:hover {
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
            border-color: var(--color-border);
            transform: translateX(4px);
        }
        .preset-btn.active {
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-cyan-glow), var(--color-magenta-glow));
            border-color: var(--color-cyan);
            box-shadow: 0 0 10px var(--color-cyan-glow);
        }
        .preset-icon {
            width: 28px;
            height: 28px;
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
            border-radius: 8px;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            font-size: 12px;
            color: var(--color-cyan);
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        .preset-btn:hover .preset-icon, .preset-btn.active .preset-icon {
            background: var(--gradient-primary);
            color: #fff;
            box-shadow: var(--shadow-neon-cyan);
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        .preset-name {
            font-size: 12px;
            font-weight: 600;
            letter-spacing: 0.25px;
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        .simulation-panel {
            grid-column: 2;
            align-self: start;
        }
        .canvas-scale-indicator {
            font-size: 11px;
            color: var(--color-text-muted);
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
            padding: 4px 10px;
            border-radius: 6px;
            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
        }
        .canvas-wrapper {
            position: relative;
            width: 100%;
            background: radial-gradient(circle at center, #ffffff 0%, #f1f5f9 100%);
            border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
            border-radius: 16px;
            overflow: hidden;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
        }
        #physics-canvas {
            display: block;
            width: 100%;
            height: auto;
            aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
        }
        .simulation-metrics-strip {
            display: flex;
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.01);
            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 12px 20px;
            justify-content: space-around;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 10px;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
        .mini-metric {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 4px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .mini-metric .label {
            font-size: 10px;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--color-text-muted);
            text-transform: uppercase;
            letter-spacing: 0.5px;
        }
        .mini-metric .value {
            font-size: 14px;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: var(--color-text-main);
            font-family: var(--font-heading);
        }
        .mini-divider {
            width: 1px;
            height: 24px;
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
        }
        .results-panel {
            grid-column: 3;
        }
        .ratio-readout-box {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.08) 0%, rgba(138, 43, 226, 0.03) 100%);
            border: 1px solid rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.25);
            border-radius: 16px;
            padding: 20px;
            text-align: center;
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 6px;
            box-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.05);
        }
        .ratio-title {
            font-size: 11px;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: var(--color-cyan);
            letter-spacing: 1px;
            text-transform: uppercase;
        }
        .ratio-value {
            font-family: var(--font-heading);
            font-weight: 800;
            font-size: 38px;
            background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-text-main), var(--color-cyan));
            -webkit-background-clip: text;
            -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
        }
        .ratio-type {
            font-size: 11px;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--color-text-muted);
        }
        .results-grid {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 12px;
        }
        .result-card {
            background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);
            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 12px 16px;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 16px;
            transition: all 0.2s ease;
        }
        .result-card:hover {
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            border-color: rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.2);
            background: rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.03);
        }
        .card-icon {
            width: 38px;
            height: 38px;
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.015);
            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            border-radius: 10px;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            font-size: 14px;
            color: var(--color-text-muted);
        }
        .result-card:hover .card-icon {
            color: var(--color-cyan);
            border-color: rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.3);
            background: rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.1);
        }
        .card-content {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 2px;
        }
        .card-unit {
            font-size: 11px;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--color-text-muted);
        }
        .card-value {
            font-family: var(--font-heading);
            font-weight: 700;
            font-size: 18px;
            color: var(--color-text-main);
        }
        .formula-card {
            background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.01);
            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 16px;
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 8px;
            font-size: 12px;
        }
        .formula-card h4 {
            font-weight: 700;
            color: var(--color-text-main);
        }
        .formula-equation {
            font-family: monospace;
            color: var(--color-cyan);
            font-size: 13px;
            background: #f8fafc;
            padding: 6px 10px;
            border-radius: 6px;
            border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
            text-align: center;
        }
        @container ohms-container (max-width: 1024px) {
            .app-main-grid {
                grid-template-columns: 1fr;
            }
            .control-panel, .simulation-panel, .results-panel, .results-panel {
                grid-column: 1;
            }
            .simulation-panel {
                order: -1;
            }
        }
        .preset-details {
            display: flex;
            flex-direction: column;
            gap: 2px;
            align-items: flex-start;
            text-align: left;
        }
        .preset-spec {
            font-size: 11px;
            color: var(--color-text-muted);
            font-weight: 500;
        }
        .preset-name {
            font-size: 13px !important;
        }
/* ━━ WordPress 레이아웃 Override: 디자인 1 (2열 컴팩트 대칭 레이아웃) ━━ */
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .app-main-grid,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .main-grid,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .sim-grid {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: 340px 1fr !important;
    gap: 24px !important;
    align-items: start !important;
}
/* 3열 레이아웃을 2열 레이아웃으로 변경하는 특화 스타일 */
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .right-column {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    gap: 24px !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    grid-column: 2 !important;
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-panel,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .canvas-panel,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .sim-panel {
    grid-column: auto !important;
    order: 1 !important;
    align-self: stretch !important;
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .control-panel {
    grid-column: 1 !important;
}
/* 2열 통합 결과 분석 영역 레이아웃 */
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1.3fr !important;
    gap: 20px !important;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border) !important;
    padding-top: 20px !important;
    margin-top: 10px !important;
    align-items: stretch !important;
}
/* Readout Box 스타일 */
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .ratio-readout-box,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .re-readout-box,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .status-readout-box,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .flow-readout-box,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section [class*="readout-box"],
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .gauge-container {
    grid-column: 1 !important;
    grid-row: 1 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    height: auto !important;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .results-grid {
    grid-column: 2 !important;
    grid-row: 1 / span 2 !important;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    gap: 12px !important;
    justify-content: flex-start !important;
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .results-grid .result-card {
    flex: none !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    min-height: 72px !important;
    height: auto !important;
    padding: 12px 16px !important;
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .formula-card {
    grid-column: 1 !important;
    grid-row: 2 !important;
}
/* 모바일/반응형 (800px 이하) ── 항상 세로형(1열) 정렬 및 시뮬레이터 캔버스 최상단 배치 */
@media (max-width: 800px) {
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .app-main-grid,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .main-grid,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .sim-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
        display: flex !important;
        flex-direction: column !important;
    }
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .control-panel {
        order: 2 !important;
        width: 100% !important;
    }
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .right-column {
        order: 1 !important;
        width: 100% !important;
        display: flex !important;
        flex-direction: column !important;
    }
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-panel,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .canvas-panel,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .sim-panel,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .canvas-section {
        order: -1 !important;
    }
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
    }
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .ratio-readout-box,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .re-readout-box,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .status-readout-box,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .flow-readout-box,
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section [class*="readout-box"],
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .gauge-container {
        grid-column: 1 !important;
        grid-row: auto !important;
        height: auto !important;
    }
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .results-grid {
        grid-column: 1 !important;
        grid-row: auto !important;
    }
    .ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .formula-card {
        grid-column: 1 !important;
        grid-row: auto !important;
    }
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .app-container,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .main-container {
    max-width: 100% !important;
    padding: 12px !important;
}
/* Premium Advice/Formula Card & Typography Overrides */
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .formula-card,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .results-panel .formula-card {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border) !important;
    border-radius: 12px !important;
    padding: 16px !important;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card) !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
    gap: 8px !important;
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .simulation-results-section .formula-card h4,
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .results-panel .formula-card h4 {
    font-size: 14px !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    color: var(--color-text-main) !important;
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    margin-bottom: 4px !important;
    word-break: keep-all !important;
    line-height: 1.4 !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    gap: 8px !important;
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper .formula-equation {
    font-family: 'Outfit', 'Cambria Math', 'Times New Roman', monospace !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important;
    overflow-x: auto !important;
    word-break: keep-all !important;
    text-align: center !important;
}
.ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper #text-judgment {
    font-size: 12px !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    color: var(--color-text-muted) !important;
    line-height: 1.6 !important;
    word-break: keep-all !important;
}
</style>
<div class="ohmslaw-calculator-wrapper" style="position: relative; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow: hidden; margin: 30px auto; border-radius: 20px;">
    <div class="app-background-glow" style="position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: 1; pointer-events: none; overflow: hidden;"></div>
    <div style="position: relative; z-index: 2; width: 100%;">
    <div class="app-container">
        <!-- Header -->
        <header class="app-header">
            <div class="logo-area">
                <div class="logo-icon"><i class="fa-solid fa-bolt fa-spin-slow text-cyan"></i></div>
                <div>
                    <h1>OHM&#8217;S LAW</h1>
                    <div class="subtitle">실시간 2D 회로 전자 흐름 물리 시뮬레이터</div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="header-badge">
                <div class="pulse-dot"></div>
                <div class="badge-text">2D ELECTRON SIMULATOR ACTIVE</div>
            </div>
        </header>
        <!-- Main Layout Grid -->
        <main class="app-main-grid">
            <!-- Left Panel: Controls -->
            <section class="panel control-panel">
                <div class="panel-header">
                    <i class="fa-solid fa-sliders text-cyan"></i>
                    <h2>회로 제어 변수</h2>
                </div>
                <!-- Voltage (V) -->
                <div class="input-group">
                    <div class="input-label-row">
                        <label><i class="fa-solid fa-battery-three-quarters text-cyan"></i> 입력 전압 (V)</label>
                        <span id="txt-volts-range-help" class="helper-text">(0.1 ~ 240.0 V)</span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="number-input-wrapper">
                        <input type="number" id="input-volts" class="custom-number-input" min="0.1" max="240" step="0.1" value="12">
                        <select id="select-volts-unit" style="position: absolute; right: 1px; top: 1px; bottom: 1px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); color: var(--color-text-main); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 10px; border: none; border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border); outline: none; cursor: pointer; font-family: var(--font-body); letter-spacing: 0.5px;">
                            <option value="V" selected>V</option>
                            <option value="mV">mV</option>
                            <option value="kV">kV</option>
                        </select>
                    </div>
                    <input type="range" id="slider-volts" class="custom-slider" min="1" max="240" step="1" value="12">
                </div>
                <!-- Resistance (R) -->
                <div class="input-group">
                    <div class="input-label-row">
                        <label><i class="fa-solid fa-square-minus text-magenta"></i> 전기 저항 (R)</label>
                        <span id="txt-ohms-range-help" class="helper-text">(1 ~ 5,000 Ω)</span>
                    </div>
                    <div class="number-input-wrapper">
                        <input type="number" id="input-ohms" class="custom-number-input" min="1" max="5000" step="1" value="100">
                        <select id="select-ohms-unit" style="position: absolute; right: 1px; top: 1px; bottom: 1px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03); color: var(--color-text-main); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 700; padding: 0 10px; border: none; border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border); outline: none; cursor: pointer; font-family: var(--font-body); letter-spacing: 0.5px;">
                            <option value="ohm" selected>Ω</option>
                            <option value="mohm">mΩ</option>
                            <option value="kohm">kΩ</option>
                            <option value="Mohm">MΩ</option>
                        </select>
                    </div>
                    <input type="range" id="slider-ohms" class="custom-slider" min="1" max="5000" step="10" value="100">
                </div>
                <!-- Play/Pause Controls -->
                <div class="control-actions">
                    <button id="btn-play-pause" class="action-btn">
                        <i class="fa-solid fa-pause"></i> <span>일시정지</span>
                    </button>
                </div>
                <!-- Presets -->
                <div class="presets-section">
                    <h3><i class="fa-solid fa-tags text-cyan"></i> 표준 부하 프리셋</h3>
                    <div class="presets-grid">
                        <button class="preset-btn" data-preset="ac220">
                            <div class="preset-icon"><i class="fa-solid fa-plug"></i></div>
                            <div class="preset-details"><span class="preset-name">가정용 송전선</span><span class="preset-spec">220V, 220Ω</span></div>
                        </button>
                        <button class="preset-btn" data-preset="usb5">
                            <div class="preset-icon"><i class="fa-solid fa-mobile-screen-button"></i></div>
                            <div class="preset-details"><span class="preset-name">USB 5V 소형 기기</span><span class="preset-spec">5V, 10Ω</span></div>
                        </button>
                        <button class="preset-btn" data-preset="car12">
                            <div class="preset-icon"><i class="fa-solid fa-car-battery"></i></div>
                            <div class="preset-details"><span class="preset-name">차량용 배터리 단락</span><span class="preset-spec">12V, 2Ω</span></div>
                        </button>
                        <button class="preset-btn" data-preset="led3">
                            <div class="preset-icon"><i class="fa-solid fa-lightbulb"></i></div>
                            <div class="preset-details"><span class="preset-name">저전력 LED 회로</span><span class="preset-spec">3V, 150Ω</span></div>
                        </button>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </section>
            <!-- Auto Injected Right Column wrapper for Design 1 -->
            <div class="right-column">
                <section class="panel simulation-panel">
                                <div class="panel-header">
                                    <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;">
                                        <i class="fa-solid fa-circle-nodes text-cyan"></i>
                                        <h2>실시간 2D 전자 흐름 애니메이션</h2>
                                    </div>
                                    <div id="txt-flow-rate" class="canvas-scale-indicator">전자 흐름 속도</div>
                                </div>
                                <div class="canvas-wrapper">
                                    <canvas id="physics-canvas"></canvas>
                                </div>
                                <!-- Mini Metrics -->
                                <div class="simulation-metrics-strip">
                                    <div class="mini-metric">
                                        <div class="label">전자 통과 밀도 (초당)</div>
                                        <div id="txt-electron-rate" class="value">0 개</div>
                                    </div>
                                    <div class="mini-divider"></div>
                                    <div class="mini-metric">
                                        <div class="label">최대 전선 안전 상태</div>
                                        <div id="txt-safety-status" class="value text-cyan">안전</div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                                <!-- Integrated Results Analysis Section -->
                            <div class="simulation-results-section">
                                <div class="ratio-readout-box">
                                    <div class="ratio-title">회로 내 흐르는 전류 (I)</div>
                                    <div>
                                        <span id="txt-current-value" class="ratio-value">0.120</span>
                                        <select id="select-output-current-unit">
                                            <option value="A" selected>A</option>
                                            <option value="mA">mA</option>
                                            <option value="uA">μA</option>
                                        </select>
                                    </div>
                                    <div id="txt-current-ma" class="ratio-type">(120.0 mA)</div>
                                </div>
                                <div class="results-grid">
                                        <div class="result-card">
                                        <div class="card-icon"><i class="fa-solid fa-battery-full text-cyan"></i></div>
                                        <div class="card-content">
                                            <span class="card-unit">인가된 기전력 (V)</span>
                                            <span id="txt-volt-out" class="card-value">12.0 V</span>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>
                                        <div class="result-card">
                                        <div class="card-icon"><i class="fa-solid fa-border-all text-magenta"></i></div>
                                        <div class="card-content">
                                            <span class="card-unit">회로 총 합성 저항 (R)</span>
                                            <span id="txt-ohm-out" class="card-value">100.0 Ω</span>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>
                                        <div class="result-card">
                                        <div class="card-icon"><i class="fa-solid fa-fire text-purple"></i></div>
                                        <div class="card-content">
                                            <span class="card-unit">저항 내 열소비전력 (P)</span>
                                            <span id="txt-power-out" class="card-value">1.44 W</span>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>
                                    </div>
                                <div class="formula-card">
                                    <h4><i class="fa-solid fa-circle-info text-cyan"></i> 핵심 옴의 법칙 공식</h4>
                                    <div class="formula-equation">I = V / R [A]</div>
                                    <div class="formula-equation">P = V × I = I² × R [W]</div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                </section>
            </div>
            <!-- Right Panel: Quantitative Results -->
        </main>
        <!-- Disclaimer Footer -->
        <footer class="app-disclaimer" style="margin-top: 20px; padding: 12px 16px; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.015); border: 1px solid var(--color-border); border-radius: 12px; font-size: 11px; color: var(--color-text-muted); line-height: 1.5; text-align: left; display: flex; gap: 10px; align-items: flex-start; clear: both;">
            <i class="fa-solid fa-circle-info" style="color: var(--color-cyan); font-size: 14px; margin-top: 2px; flex-shrink: 0;"></i>
            <span><strong>면책 조항 (Disclaimer):</strong> 본 시뮬레이터의 계산 결과는 교육 및 참고용으로만 제공되며, 실제 제품 설계나 제작 시에는 반드시 최신 공학 규격 및 공식 표준 설계 기준을 재확인하시기 바랍니다. 계산 값의 무결성을 보장하지 않으며, 이로 인해 발생하는 직접적/간접적 손해에 대해 제작자 및 본 블로그는 어떠한 책임을 지지 않습니다.</span>
        </footer>
</div>
    <!-- JavaScript Circuit Simulation Engine -->
    </div>
</div>
<script>
        (function() {
        let isInit = false;
        function initSimulator() {
            if (isInit) return;
            const canvas = document.getElementById('physics-canvas');
            if (!canvas) return;
            const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
            if (!ctx) return;
            isInit = true;
            window.__ohmslaw_initialized = true;
            // DOM Elements
            const sliderVolts = document.getElementById('slider-volts');
            const inputVolts = document.getElementById('input-volts');
            const sliderOhms = document.getElementById('slider-ohms');
            const inputOhms = document.getElementById('input-ohms');
            const selectVoltsUnit = document.getElementById('select-volts-unit');
            const selectOhmsUnit = document.getElementById('select-ohms-unit');
            const selectOutputCurrentUnit = document.getElementById('select-output-current-unit');
            const txtVoltsRangeHelp = document.getElementById('txt-volts-range-help');
            const txtOhmsRangeHelp = document.getElementById('txt-ohms-range-help');
            const btnPlayPause = document.getElementById('btn-play-pause');
            const presetButtons = document.querySelectorAll('.preset-btn');
            const txtCurrentMa = document.getElementById('txt-current-ma');
            const txtVoltOut = document.getElementById('txt-volt-out');
            const txtOhmOut = document.getElementById('txt-ohm-out');
            const txtPowerOut = document.getElementById('txt-power-out');
            const txtElectronRate = document.getElementById('txt-electron-rate');
            const txtSafetyStatus = document.getElementById('txt-safety-status');
            const txtFlowRate = document.getElementById('txt-flow-rate');
            // State variables
            const state = {
                volts: 12.0,
                ohms: 100.0,
                voltsUnit: 'V',
                ohmsUnit: 'ohm',
                outputCurrentUnit: 'A',
                current: 0.12,
                power: 1.44,
                isPlaying: true,
                lastTime: 0,
                electrons: [],
                heatSparks: [],
                resistanceLattice: []
            };
            // Unit Converter Dictionaries
            const voltsUnitConverters = {
                V: 1.0,
                mV: 0.001,
                kV: 1000.0
            };
            const ohmsUnitConverters = {
                ohm: 1.0,
                mohm: 0.001,
                kohm: 1000.0,
                Mohm: 1000000.0
            };
            const voltsUnitLimits = {
                V: { min: 0.1, max: 240.0, step: 0.1, label: "(0.1 ~ 240.0 V)" },
                mV: { min: 100, max: 240000, step: 100, label: "(100 ~ 240,000 mV)" },
                kV: { min: 0.0001, max: 0.24, step: 0.0001, label: "(0.0001 ~ 0.24 kV)" }
            };
            const ohmsUnitLimits = {
                ohm: { min: 1, max: 5000, step: 1, label: "(1 ~ 5,000 Ω)" },
                mohm: { min: 1000, max: 5000000, step: 1000, label: "(1,000 ~ 5,000,000 mΩ)" },
                kohm: { min: 0.001, max: 5.0, step: 0.001, label: "(0.001 ~ 5.0 kΩ)" },
                Mohm: { min: 0.000001, max: 0.005, step: 0.000001, label: "(0.000001 ~ 0.005 MΩ)" }
            };
            // Canvas Resizing (Retina support)
            function resizeCanvas() {
                const rect = canvas.getBoundingClientRect();
                const dpr = window.devicePixelRatio || 1;
                canvas.width = rect.width * dpr;
                canvas.height = rect.height * dpr;
                ctx.scale(dpr, dpr);
            }
            resizeCanvas();
            window.addEventListener('resize', resizeCanvas);
            setTimeout(resizeCanvas, 300);
            // Populate static resistance crystal lattice nodes
            function populateLattice() {
                state.resistanceLattice = [];
                const rows = 4;
                const cols = 5;
                for (let r = 0; r < rows; r++) {
                    for (let c = 0; c < cols; c++) {
                        state.resistanceLattice.push({
                            rx: c / (cols - 1),
                            ry: r / (rows - 1),
                            vibrateAngle: Math.random() * Math.PI * 2
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
            populateLattice();
            // Populate electric charges (electrons) in loop
            const totalElectrons = 120;
            function initElectrons() {
                state.electrons = [];
                for (let i = 0; i < totalElectrons; i++) {
                    state.electrons.push({
                        progress: i / totalElectrons,
                        size: 3 + Math.random() * 2,
                        glowPulse: Math.random() * Math.PI * 2
                    });
                }
            }
            initElectrons();
            function getCircuitCoords(t, width, height) {
                const x1 = 80;
                const x2 = width - 80;
                const y1 = 80;
                const y2 = height - 80;
                const w = x2 - x1;
                const h = y2 - y1;
                const totalLen = w * 2 + h * 2;
                const segment1 = w;
                const segment2 = segment1 + h;
                const segment3 = segment2 + w;
                const pathProgress = t * totalLen;
                if (pathProgress < segment1) {
                    return {
                        x: x1 + pathProgress,
                        y: y1,
                        segment: "top"
                    };
                }
                if (pathProgress < segment2) {
                    return {
                        x: x2,
                        y: y1 + (pathProgress - segment1),
                        segment: "right"
                    };
                }
                if (pathProgress < segment3) {
                    return {
                        x: x2 - (pathProgress - segment2),
                        y: y2,
                        segment: "bottom"
                    };
                }
                return {
                    x: x1,
                    y: y2 - (pathProgress - segment3),
                    segment: "left"
                };
            }
            // Dynamic Limits &#038; Value Conversions
            function updateVoltsUnit() {
                const oldUnit = state.voltsUnit;
                const newUnit = selectVoltsUnit.value;
                state.voltsUnit = newUnit;
                // Convert current displayed value
                const valInVolts = state.volts * voltsUnitConverters[oldUnit];
                const newVal = valInVolts / voltsUnitConverters[newUnit];
                // Set new limits
                const lim = voltsUnitLimits[newUnit];
                inputVolts.min = lim.min;
                inputVolts.max = lim.max;
                // Adjust slider limits and steps dynamically
                if (newUnit === 'V') {
                    sliderVolts.min = 1; // representing 0.1
                    sliderVolts.max = 2400; // representing 240.0
                    sliderVolts.step = 1;
                    sliderVolts.value = Math.round(newVal * 10);
                } else if (newUnit === 'mV') {
                    sliderVolts.min = 100;
                    sliderVolts.max = 240000;
                    sliderVolts.step = 100;
                    sliderVolts.value = Math.round(newVal);
                } else if (newUnit === 'kV') {
                    sliderVolts.min = 1; // representing 0.0001
                    sliderVolts.max = 2400; // representing 0.2400
                    sliderVolts.step = 1;
                    sliderVolts.value = Math.round(newVal * 10000);
                }
                txtVoltsRangeHelp.innerText = lim.label;
                // Clamp value to new limits
                let clampedVal = newVal;
                if (clampedVal < lim.min) clampedVal = lim.min;
                if (clampedVal > lim.max) clampedVal = lim.max;
                state.volts = clampedVal;
                inputVolts.value = newUnit === 'V' ? clampedVal.toFixed(1) : (newUnit === 'mV' ? Math.round(clampedVal) : clampedVal.toFixed(4));
                updateCalculations();
            }
            function updateOhmsUnit() {
                const oldUnit = state.ohmsUnit;
                const newUnit = selectOhmsUnit.value;
                state.ohmsUnit = newUnit;
                // Convert current displayed value
                const valInOhms = state.ohms * ohmsUnitConverters[oldUnit];
                const newVal = valInOhms / ohmsUnitConverters[newUnit];
                // Set new limits
                const lim = ohmsUnitLimits[newUnit];
                inputOhms.min = lim.min;
                inputOhms.max = lim.max;
                // Adjust slider limits and steps dynamically
                if (newUnit === 'ohm') {
                    sliderOhms.min = 1;
                    sliderOhms.max = 5000;
                    sliderOhms.step = 10;
                    sliderOhms.value = Math.round(newVal);
                } else if (newUnit === 'mohm') {
                    sliderOhms.min = 1000;
                    sliderOhms.max = 5000000;
                    sliderOhms.step = 1000;
                    sliderOhms.value = Math.round(newVal);
                } else if (newUnit === 'kohm') {
                    sliderOhms.min = 1; // representing 0.001
                    sliderOhms.max = 5000; // representing 5.0
                    sliderOhms.step = 1;
                    sliderOhms.value = Math.round(newVal * 1000);
                } else if (newUnit === 'Mohm') {
                    sliderOhms.min = 1; // representing 0.000001
                    sliderOhms.max = 5000; // representing 0.005
                    sliderOhms.step = 1;
                    sliderOhms.value = Math.round(newVal * 1000000);
                }
                txtOhmsRangeHelp.innerText = lim.label;
                // Clamp value to new limits
                let clampedVal = newVal;
                if (clampedVal < lim.min) clampedVal = lim.min;
                if (clampedVal > lim.max) clampedVal = lim.max;
                state.ohms = clampedVal;
                if (newUnit === 'ohm' || newUnit === 'mohm') {
                    inputOhms.value = Math.round(clampedVal);
                } else if (newUnit === 'kohm') {
                    inputOhms.value = clampedVal.toFixed(3);
                } else {
                    inputOhms.value = clampedVal.toFixed(6);
                }
                updateCalculations();
            }
            // Sync Volts Input and Slider
            function syncVoltsFromSlider() {
                let val;
                if (state.voltsUnit === 'V') {
                    val = parseFloat(sliderVolts.value) / 10.0;
                    inputVolts.value = val.toFixed(1);
                } else if (state.voltsUnit === 'mV') {
                    val = parseFloat(sliderVolts.value);
                    inputVolts.value = Math.round(val);
                } else if (state.voltsUnit === 'kV') {
                    val = parseFloat(sliderVolts.value) / 10000.0;
                    inputVolts.value = val.toFixed(4);
                }
                state.volts = val;
                clearPresets();
                updateCalculations();
            }
            function syncVoltsFromInput() {
                let val = parseFloat(inputVolts.value);
                const lim = voltsUnitLimits[state.voltsUnit];
                if (isNaN(val)) { val = lim.min; }
                if (val < lim.min) { val = lim.min; }
                if (val > lim.max) { val = lim.max; }
                if (state.voltsUnit === 'V') {
                    sliderVolts.value = Math.round(val * 10);
                    inputVolts.value = val.toFixed(1);
                } else if (state.voltsUnit === 'mV') {
                    sliderVolts.value = Math.round(val);
                    inputVolts.value = Math.round(val);
                } else if (state.voltsUnit === 'kV') {
                    sliderVolts.value = Math.round(val * 10000);
                    inputVolts.value = val.toFixed(4);
                }
                state.volts = val;
                clearPresets();
                updateCalculations();
            }
            // Sync Ohms Input and Slider
            function syncOhmsFromSlider() {
                let val;
                if (state.ohmsUnit === 'ohm') {
                    val = parseFloat(sliderOhms.value);
                    inputOhms.value = Math.round(val);
                } else if (state.ohmsUnit === 'mohm') {
                    val = parseFloat(sliderOhms.value);
                    inputOhms.value = Math.round(val);
                } else if (state.ohmsUnit === 'kohm') {
                    val = parseFloat(sliderOhms.value) / 1000.0;
                    inputOhms.value = val.toFixed(3);
                } else if (state.ohmsUnit === 'Mohm') {
                    val = parseFloat(sliderOhms.value) / 1000000.0;
                    inputOhms.value = val.toFixed(6);
                }
                state.ohms = val;
                clearPresets();
                updateCalculations();
            }
            function syncOhmsFromInput() {
                let val = parseFloat(inputOhms.value);
                const lim = ohmsUnitLimits[state.ohmsUnit];
                if (isNaN(val)) { val = lim.min; }
                if (val < lim.min) { val = lim.min; }
                if (val > lim.max) { val = lim.max; }
                if (state.ohmsUnit === 'ohm' || state.ohmsUnit === 'mohm') {
                    sliderOhms.value = Math.round(val);
                    inputOhms.value = Math.round(val);
                } else if (state.ohmsUnit === 'kohm') {
                    sliderOhms.value = Math.round(val * 1000);
                    inputOhms.value = val.toFixed(3);
                } else if (state.ohmsUnit === 'Mohm') {
                    sliderOhms.value = Math.round(val * 1000000);
                    inputOhms.value = val.toFixed(6);
                }
                state.ohms = val;
                clearPresets();
                updateCalculations();
            }
            // Calculations
            function updateCalculations() {
                // Convert current displayed value to absolute SI standards (Volts, Ohms)
                const voltsInSI = state.volts * voltsUnitConverters[state.voltsUnit];
                const ohmsInSI = state.ohms * ohmsUnitConverters[state.ohmsUnit];
                state.current = voltsInSI / ohmsInSI;
                state.power = voltsInSI * state.current;
                // Update UI text values (Format displayed values with current active units)
                let voltOutText = state.volts.toFixed(state.voltsUnit === 'kV' ? 4 : (state.voltsUnit === 'V' ? 1 : 0)) + ' ';
                if (state.voltsUnit === 'V') voltOutText += 'V';
                if (state.voltsUnit === 'mV') voltOutText += 'mV';
                if (state.voltsUnit === 'kV') voltOutText += 'kV';
                txtVoltOut.innerText = voltOutText;
                let ohmOutLabel = 'Ω';
                if (state.ohmsUnit === 'mohm') ohmOutLabel = 'mΩ';
                if (state.ohmsUnit === 'kohm') ohmOutLabel = 'kΩ';
                if (state.ohmsUnit === 'Mohm') ohmOutLabel = 'MΩ';
                txtOhmOut.innerText = state.ohms.toFixed(state.ohmsUnit === 'Mohm' ? 6 : (state.ohmsUnit === 'kohm' ? 3 : 0)) + ' ' + ohmOutLabel;
                // Smart auto-scaled formatting for Power (W, mW, kW)
                if (state.power >= 1000.0) {
                    txtPowerOut.innerText = (state.power / 1000.0).toFixed(2) + ' kW';
                } else if (state.power < 0.001) {
                    txtPowerOut.innerText = (state.power * 1000000.0).toFixed(1) + ' μW';
                } else if (state.power < 1.0) {
                    txtPowerOut.innerText = (state.power * 1000.0).toFixed(1) + ' mW';
                } else {
                    txtPowerOut.innerText = state.power.toFixed(2) + ' W';
                }
                // Smart auto-scaled output current based on user selection (A, mA, uA)
                let currentValText = "";
                let subCurrentText = "";
                if (state.outputCurrentUnit === 'A') {
                    currentValText = state.current.toFixed(3);
                    subCurrentText = '(' + (state.current * 1000.0).toFixed(1) + ' mA)';
                } else if (state.outputCurrentUnit === 'mA') {
                    currentValText = (state.current * 1000.0).toFixed(1);
                    subCurrentText = '(' + (state.current * 1000000.0).toLocaleString(undefined, {maximumFractionDigits:0}) + ' μA)';
                } else if (state.outputCurrentUnit === 'uA') {
                    currentValText = (state.current * 1000000.0).toFixed(0);
                    subCurrentText = '(' + state.current.toFixed(4) + ' A)';
                }
                const txtCurrentValSpan = document.getElementById('txt-current-value');
                if (txtCurrentValSpan) {
                    txtCurrentValSpan.innerText = currentValText;
                }
                txtCurrentMa.innerText = subCurrentText;
                // Update flows (proportional to absolute SI current)
                const flowVelocity = Math.min(state.current * 1.5, 8.0) + 0.03;
                txtFlowRate.innerText = '흐름 속도: ' + flowVelocity.toFixed(2) + 'x';
                const rateText = Math.round(state.current * 500);
                txtElectronRate.innerText = rateText.toLocaleString() + ' M/s';
                // Safety Status (Based on absolute SI current)
                if (state.current > 5.0) {
                    txtSafetyStatus.innerText = '위험 (과전류 단락)';
                    txtSafetyStatus.style.color = 'var(--color-danger)';
                } else {
                    if (state.current > 1.5) {
                        txtSafetyStatus.innerText = '경고 (부하 주의)';
                        txtSafetyStatus.style.color = '#f59e0b';
                    } else {
                        txtSafetyStatus.innerText = '안전 (정상 범위)';
                        txtSafetyStatus.style.color = '#10b981';
                    }
                }
            }
            // Preset loader (Resets selectors to standard SI system for predictability)
            function loadPreset(key) {
                clearPresets();
                presetButtons.forEach(btn => {
                    if (btn.dataset.preset === key) {
                        btn.classList.add('active');
                    }
                });
                // Reset units to standard
                selectVoltsUnit.value = 'V';
                state.voltsUnit = 'V';
                txtVoltsRangeHelp.innerText = voltsUnitLimits.V.label;
                inputVolts.min = voltsUnitLimits.V.min;
                inputVolts.max = voltsUnitLimits.V.max;
                sliderVolts.min = 1;
                sliderVolts.max = 2400;
                sliderVolts.step = 1;
                selectOhmsUnit.value = 'ohm';
                state.ohmsUnit = 'ohm';
                txtOhmsRangeHelp.innerText = ohmsUnitLimits.ohm.label;
                inputOhms.min = ohmsUnitLimits.ohm.min;
                inputOhms.max = ohmsUnitLimits.ohm.max;
                sliderOhms.min = 1;
                sliderOhms.max = 5000;
                sliderOhms.step = 10;
                if (selectOutputCurrentUnit) {
                    selectOutputCurrentUnit.value = 'A';
                    state.outputCurrentUnit = 'A';
                }
                if (key === 'ac220') {
                    state.volts = 220;
                    state.ohms = 220;
                }
                if (key === 'usb5') {
                    state.volts = 5.0;
                    state.ohms = 10;
                }
                if (key === 'car12') {
                    state.volts = 12.0;
                    state.ohms = 2;
                }
                if (key === 'led3') {
                    state.volts = 3.0;
                    state.ohms = 150;
                }
                inputVolts.value = state.volts;
                sliderVolts.value = Math.round(state.volts * 10);
                inputOhms.value = state.ohms;
                sliderOhms.value = state.ohms;
                updateCalculations();
            }
            function clearPresets() {
                presetButtons.forEach(btn => btn.classList.remove('active'));
            }
            // Spark class for heat collision sparks inside the resistor
            class HeatSpark {
                constructor(x, y) {
                    this.x = x;
                    this.y = y;
                    const rAngle = Math.random() * Math.PI * 2;
                    const speed = 0.5 + Math.random() * 1.5;
                    this.vx = Math.cos(rAngle) * speed;
                    this.vy = Math.sin(rAngle) * speed;
                    this.life = 10 + Math.random() * 15;
                    this.maxLife = this.life;
                }
                update() {
                    this.x += this.vx;
                    this.y += this.vy;
                    this.life--;
                }
                draw(c) {
                    const alpha = this.life / this.maxLife;
                    c.save();
                    c.globalAlpha = alpha;
                    c.beginPath();
                    c.arc(this.x, this.y, 1.5, 0, Math.PI * 2);
                    c.fillStyle = '#ff7f00';
                    c.fill();
                    c.restore();
                }
            }
            // Animation Loop
            function animate(currentTime) {
                requestAnimationFrame(animate);
                let dt = (currentTime - state.lastTime) / 1000;
                if (isNaN(dt)) { dt = 0.016; }
                if (dt < 0) { dt = 0.016; }
                if (dt > 1.0) { dt = 0.016; }
                state.lastTime = currentTime;
                const width = canvas.width / (window.devicePixelRatio || 1);
                const height = canvas.height / (window.devicePixelRatio || 1);
                ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);
                // 1. Draw snow white blueprint grid
                ctx.save();
                ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(2, 132, 199, 0.06)';
                ctx.lineWidth = 1;
                const gridSpacing = 25;
                for (let x = 0; x < width; x += gridSpacing) {
                    ctx.beginPath();
                    ctx.moveTo(x, 0);
                    ctx.lineTo(x, height);
                    ctx.stroke();
                }
                for (let y = 0; y < height; y += gridSpacing) {
                    ctx.beginPath();
                    ctx.moveTo(0, y);
                    ctx.lineTo(width, y);
                    ctx.stroke();
                }
                ctx.restore();
                // Geometry sizes
                const x1 = 80;
                const x2 = width - 80;
                const y1 = 80;
                const y2 = height - 80;
                // 2. Draw Circuit Wire Schematic (Dotted thick line path)
                ctx.save();
                ctx.strokeStyle = '#e2e8f0';
                ctx.lineWidth = 12;
                ctx.lineCap = 'round';
                ctx.lineJoin = 'round';
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.moveTo(x1, y1);
                ctx.lineTo(x2, y1);
                ctx.lineTo(x2, y2);
                ctx.lineTo(x1, y2);
                ctx.closePath();
                ctx.stroke();
                ctx.restore();
                // 3. Draw Battery Component (Left Column)
                const batCy = (y1 + y2) / 2;
                ctx.save();
                ctx.strokeStyle = '#0284c7';
                ctx.lineWidth = 4;
                ctx.lineCap = 'round';
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.moveTo(x1 - 15, batCy - 25);
                ctx.lineTo(x1 + 15, batCy - 25);
                ctx.stroke();
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.moveTo(x1 - 8, batCy - 15);
                ctx.lineTo(x1 + 8, batCy - 15);
                ctx.stroke();
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.moveTo(x1 - 15, batCy - 5);
                ctx.lineTo(x1 + 15, batCy - 5);
                ctx.stroke();
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.moveTo(x1 - 8, batCy + 5);
                ctx.lineTo(x1 + 8, batCy + 5);
                ctx.stroke();
                ctx.strokeStyle = '#94a3b8';
                ctx.lineWidth = 3;
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.moveTo(x1, y1);
                ctx.lineTo(x1, batCy - 25);
                ctx.moveTo(x1, y2);
                ctx.lineTo(x1, batCy + 5);
                ctx.stroke();
                ctx.fillStyle = '#0284c7';
                ctx.font = 'bold 12px Outfit, sans-serif';
                ctx.fillText('BATTERY (+)', x1 + 22, batCy - 15);
                ctx.fillStyle = '#475569';
                ctx.fillText('(-)', x1 + 22, batCy + 15);
                ctx.restore();
                // 4. Draw Resistor Component (Right Column)
                const resCy = (y1 + y2) / 2;
                const resW = 40;
                const resH = 100;
                const resLeft = x2 - resW / 2;
                const resTop = resCy - resH / 2;
                ctx.save();
                ctx.fillStyle = '#ffffff';
                ctx.strokeStyle = '#db2777';
                ctx.lineWidth = 3;
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.rect(resLeft, resTop, resW, resH);
                ctx.fill();
                ctx.stroke();
                const normalizedPowerGlow = Math.min(state.power / 20.0, 1.0);
                if (normalizedPowerGlow > 0.01) {
                    ctx.save();
                    ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(239, 68, 68, ' + (normalizedPowerGlow * 0.4) + ')';
                    ctx.beginPath();
                    ctx.rect(resLeft, resTop, resW, resH);
                    ctx.fill();
                    ctx.restore();
                }
                const vibrationAmp = Math.min((state.ohms * ohmsUnitConverters[state.ohmsUnit] / 1000) * 1.5 + normalizedPowerGlow * 3, 5);
                ctx.fillStyle = '#64748b';
                for (let i = 0; i < state.resistanceLattice.length; i++) {
                    const node = state.resistanceLattice[i];
                    node.vibrateAngle += 0.25;
                    const vx = Math.cos(node.vibrateAngle) * vibrationAmp;
                    const vy = Math.sin(node.vibrateAngle) * vibrationAmp;
                    const atomX = resLeft + 6 + node.rx * (resW - 12) + vx;
                    const atomY = resTop + 8 + node.ry * (resH - 16) + vy;
                    ctx.beginPath();
                    ctx.arc(atomX, atomY, 3, 0, Math.PI * 2);
                    ctx.fill();
                    if (state.isPlaying) {
                        if (Math.random() < state.current * 0.05) {
                            state.heatSparks.push(new HeatSpark(atomX, atomY));
                        }
                    }
                }
                ctx.fillStyle = '#db2777';
                ctx.font = 'bold 12px Outfit, sans-serif';
                ctx.textAlign = 'right';
                ctx.fillText('RESISTOR', resLeft - 15, resCy - 6);
                ctx.fillStyle = '#475569';
                ctx.font = '10px Inter, sans-serif';
                let ohmLabelText = ' Ω';
                if (state.ohmsUnit === 'mohm') ohmLabelText = ' mΩ';
                if (state.ohmsUnit === 'kohm') ohmLabelText = ' kΩ';
                if (state.ohmsUnit === 'Mohm') ohmLabelText = ' MΩ';
                ctx.fillText(state.ohms.toFixed(state.ohmsUnit === 'Mohm' ? 6 : (state.ohmsUnit === 'kohm' ? 3 : 0)) + ohmLabelText, resLeft - 15, resCy + 10);
                ctx.restore();
                // 5. Draw LED / Lamp component on Top Wire
                const lampCx = (x1 + x2) / 2;
                const lampCy = y1;
                ctx.save();
                ctx.fillStyle = '#ffffff';
                ctx.strokeStyle = '#7c3aed';
                ctx.lineWidth = 2.5;
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.arc(lampCx, lampCy, 20, 0, Math.PI * 2);
                ctx.fill();
                ctx.stroke();
                ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(124, 58, 237, 0.4)';
                ctx.lineWidth = 2;
                ctx.beginPath();
                ctx.moveTo(lampCx - 10, lampCy - 10);
                ctx.lineTo(lampCx + 10, lampCy + 10);
                ctx.moveTo(lampCx + 10, lampCy - 10);
                ctx.lineTo(lampCx - 10, lampCy + 10);
                ctx.stroke();
                const brightnessFactor = Math.min(state.power / 5.0, 1.0);
                if (brightnessFactor > 0.01) {
                    ctx.save();
                    const glowGrad = ctx.createRadialGradient(lampCx, lampCy, 2, lampCx, lampCy, 40);
                    glowGrad.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(253, 224, 71, ' + (brightnessFactor * 0.95) + ')');
                    glowGrad.addColorStop(0.5, 'rgba(253, 224, 71, ' + (brightnessFactor * 0.4) + ')');
                    glowGrad.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(253, 224, 71, 0)');
                    ctx.fillStyle = glowGrad;
                    ctx.beginPath();
                    ctx.arc(lampCx, lampCy, 40, 0, Math.PI * 2);
                    ctx.fill();
                    ctx.restore();
                }
                ctx.restore();
                // 6. Draw Electron particles flow
                if (state.isPlaying) {
                    const speedMultiplier = Math.min(state.current * 0.015, 0.08) + 0.0003;
                    for (let i = 0; i < state.electrons.length; i++) {
                        const e = state.electrons[i];
                        e.progress -= speedMultiplier;
                        if (e.progress < 0) {
                            e.progress += 1.0;
                        }
                        e.glowPulse += 0.1;
                    }
                }
                ctx.save();
                for (let i = 0; i < state.electrons.length; i++) {
                    const e = state.electrons[i];
                    const pt = getCircuitCoords(e.progress, width, height);
                    const pulsate = 1.5 + Math.sin(e.glowPulse) * 0.75;
                    ctx.beginPath();
                    ctx.arc(pt.x, pt.y, e.size, 0, Math.PI * 2);
                    ctx.fillStyle = '#10b981';
                    ctx.shadowBlur = 6 + pulsate;
                    ctx.shadowColor = '#10b981';
                    ctx.fill();
                }
                ctx.restore();
                state.heatSparks = state.heatSparks.filter(s => s.life > 0);
                for (let i = 0; i < state.heatSparks.length; i++) {
                    const spark = state.heatSparks[i];
                    if (state.isPlaying) {
                        spark.update();
                    }
                    spark.draw(ctx);
                }
            }
            // Sync listeners
            sliderVolts.addEventListener('input', syncVoltsFromSlider);
            inputVolts.addEventListener('change', syncVoltsFromInput);
            sliderOhms.addEventListener('input', syncOhmsFromSlider);
            inputOhms.addEventListener('change', syncOhmsFromInput);
            selectVoltsUnit.addEventListener('change', updateVoltsUnit);
            selectOhmsUnit.addEventListener('change', updateOhmsUnit);
            if (selectOutputCurrentUnit) {
                selectOutputCurrentUnit.addEventListener('change', () => {
                    state.outputCurrentUnit = selectOutputCurrentUnit.value;
                    updateCalculations();
                });
            }
            btnPlayPause.addEventListener('click', () => {
                state.isPlaying = !state.isPlaying;
                if (state.isPlaying) {
                    btnPlayPause.innerHTML = '<i class="fa-solid fa-pause"></i> <span>일시정지</span>';
                } else {
                    btnPlayPause.innerHTML = '<i class="fa-solid fa-play"></i> <span>재생</span>';
                }
            });
            presetButtons.forEach(btn => {
                btn.addEventListener('click', () => {
                    loadPreset(btn.dataset.preset);
                });
            });
            // Initialize calculations and presets
            loadPreset('ac220');
            requestAnimationFrame(animate);
            // Right-click & Keyboard shortcuts block
            document.addEventListener('contextmenu', function(e) {
                e.preventDefault();
                alert("이 콘텐츠는 저작권법의 보호를 받습니다. 무단 복제 및 우클릭을 금지합니다.");
                return false;
            }, { capture: true });
            document.addEventListener('selectstart', function(e) {
                e.preventDefault();
                return false;
            }, { capture: true });
            document.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {
                if (e.key === 'F12') {
                    e.preventDefault();
                    alert("이 콘텐츠는 저작권법의 보호를 받습니다. 무단 복제 및 우클릭을 금지합니다.");
                    return false;
                }
                if (e.ctrlKey) {
                    if (e.key === 'u' || e.key === 'c' || e.key === 's' || e.key === 'U' || e.key === 'C' || e.key === 'S') {
                        e.preventDefault();
                        alert("이 콘텐츠는 저작권법의 보호를 받습니다. 무단 복제 및 우클릭을 금지합니다.");
                        return false;
                    }
                    if (e.shiftKey) {
                        if (['i','I','j','J','c','C'].includes(e.key)) {
                            e.preventDefault();
                            alert("이 콘텐츠는 저작권법의 보호를 받습니다. 무단 복제 및 우클릭을 금지합니다.");
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }, { capture: true });
        }
        let initAttempts = 0;
        function tryInit() {
            initAttempts++;
            initSimulator();
            if (!window.__ohmslaw_initialized) {
                if (initAttempts < 50) {
                    setTimeout(tryInit, 100);
                }
            }
        }
        if (document.readyState === 'complete' || document.readyState === 'interactive') {
            tryInit();
        } else {
            document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryInit);
            window.addEventListener('load', tryInit);
        }
        })();
</script>


<div style="background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(0,242,254,0.03), rgba(138,43,226,0.03)); border: 1px solid rgba(0,242,254,0.15); border-radius: 12px; padding: 18px 24px; margin: 25px auto 35px auto; font-size: 0.95em; color: #4b5563; line-height: 1.7; font-family: sans-serif;">
    <strong style="color: #1f2937; font-size: 1.05em; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;">
        <span style="font-size: 1.2em;"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/72x72/1f4a1.png" alt="💡" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></span> <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/72x72/1f4a1.png" alt="💡" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> 간편 사용 설명서
    </strong>
    <ol style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; padding-left: 20px;">
        <li style="margin-bottom: 6px;"><strong>전압(V) 설정: 전선 및 배터리의 가해지는 입력 전압(0.1V ~ 240V)을 조절하여 전자의 구동력을 설정합니다.</strong></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 6px;">저항(R) 설정: 회로 내의 전기적 저항(1Ω ~ 10,000Ω)을 변경하여 전하 흐름에 대한 저항을 결정합니다.</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 6px;">전자 흐름 및 전류 분석: 전압과 저항의 상호작용에 따라 흐르는 전류(I)의 속도와 전하 입자의 밀도가 동적으로 변화하는 것을 실시간 회로 뷰어에서 확인합니다.</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 6px;">전력 소모량 측정: 저항에서 열이나 빛으로 소모되는 실시간 소비전력(W)과 부하의 밝기 변화를 확인하여 최적의 부하 설계를 수행합니다.</li>
    </ol>
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            <h3>1. 옴의 법칙(Ohm's Law)의 정의와 물리적 해석</h3>
<p>독일의 물리학자 게오르크 옴(Georg Ohm)이 발견한 <strong>옴의 법칙(Ohm's Law)</strong>은 전기회로에서 두 점 사이에 흐르는 전류가 전압에 비례하고 저항에 반비례한다는 기본 법칙입니다. 회로 설계, 안전 분석, 전기 설비 진단 등 모든 전기공학적 판단의 가장 기본이 되는 절대 법칙입니다.</p><ul><li><strong>전압 (Voltage, V):</strong> 전하를 밀어내는 전기적인 압력 또는 전위차(단위: Volt [V])로, 회로에서 자유 전자가 이동할 수 있는 에너지를 제공합니다.</li><li><strong>전류 (Current, I):</strong> 단위 시간당 전선 단면을 통과하는 전하의 흐름(단위: Ampere [A])입니다. 물리적으로는 자유 전자의 이동 속도와 밀도에 대응합니다.</li><li><strong>저항 (Resistance, R):</strong> 전류의 흐름을 방해하는 물질의 성질(단위: Ohm [Ω])로, 도체 내 원자들과 자유 전자들 사이의 충돌 빈도에 비례합니다.</li></ul>
<h3>2. 옴의 법칙 및 전력(Power) 계산 공식 유도</h3>
<p>전기 회로의 상태를 정량적으로 계산하기 위한 기본 관계식은 다음과 같습니다.</p><p><strong>① 옴의 법칙 기본 공식:</strong> 전압(V), 전류(I), 저항(R)의 상관관계식입니다.</p><p style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #f3f4f6; padding: 12px; border-radius: 8px;">V = I &times; R &nbsp;[V]</p><p>이를 활용해 전류와 저항에 대해 정리하면 다음과 같은 유도식을 얻을 수 있습니다.</p><p style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #e0f2fe; padding: 12px; border-radius: 8px; color: #0369a1;">I = V / R &nbsp;[A] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; R = V / I &nbsp;[&Omega;]</p><p><strong>② 소비 전력 (Electric Power, P):</strong> 전기 에너지가 저항을 지나며 열이나 빛 등 다른 형태의 에너지로 변환되는 비율(단위: Watt [W])입니다.</p><p style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #f3f4f6; padding: 12px; border-radius: 8px;">P = V &times; I &nbsp;[W]</p><p>옴의 법칙을 결합하면 전력 계산 공식을 다음과 같이 확장할 수 있어, 전선을 타고 흐르는 전류나 저항 치수만 알아도 열 손실을 예측할 수 있습니다.</p><p style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #fee2e2; padding: 16px; border-radius: 8px; font-size: 1.05em; color: #991b1b;">P = I^2 &times; R = V^2 / R &nbsp;[W]</p>
<h3>3. 전선의 저항 요인과 전기 설계적 중요성</h3>
<p>실제 전기 설계에서는 단순 저항기뿐만 아니라 <strong>전선 자체의 고유 저항</strong>도 옴의 법칙의 영향을 받습니다. 전선의 저항은 재료의 고유 저항률(<code>&rho;</code>), 전선의 길이(<code>L</code>)에 비례하고 단면적(<code>A</code>)에 반비례합니다.</p><p style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #f3f4f6; padding: 12px; border-radius: 8px;">R = &rho; &times; (L / A) &nbsp;[&Omega;]</p><p>만약 전선이 가늘고 길다면 저항이 급증하게 되며, 이에 따라 전류가 흐를 때 발생하는 전압 강하(Voltage Drop)와 전선 열화(Joule Heat) 현상이 발생합니다. 전기 설비 설계 시 허용 전류 용량과 옴의 법칙을 기초로 케이블 단면적을 엄격하게 선정해야 화재나 장비 오작동을 예방할 수 있습니다.</p>
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